James Elston

James Elston

Published March 18, 2025

Last Updated on March 18, 2025

Types Of Windows: A Guide To Different Window Styles

Windows are one of the most significant elements of any home or building, influencing not only aesthetics but also energy efficiency, security, and comfort. 

Whether you are renovating your home or considering window replacement for a commercial building, understanding the different types of windows available can help you make an informed decision that best suits your needs. 

This guide covers the various window styles, materials, glazing options, the cost of new windows, and considerations for insulation, ventilation, and security.

Contents

What Are the Different Types of Windows?

In the UK, there are several types of windows, each with its own unique design, functionality, and benefits. Below is an in-depth look at the most common types of windows, their features, and the pros and cons of each.

1. Casement Windows

Casement windows are hinged at the side and open outward like a door. They are one of the most popular window types in the UK due to their practicality and efficiency.

How They Work:

Casement windows open outward using a crank or handle mechanism, providing maximum ventilation and an unobstructed view.

Material Options:

  • uPVC: Low maintenance and energy-efficient.
  • Timber: Classic appeal with natural insulation properties.
  • Aluminium: Lightweight and durable with a modern finish.

Pros and Cons of Casement Windows

Pros
  • Great for ventilation.
  • Easy to clean as they open fully.
  • Secure with multi-point locking mechanisms.
Cons
  • Can obstruct pathways if installed in narrow spaces.
  • Hinges may wear out over time.

Ideal for: Modern homes, Victorian and Edwardian houses.

For more detailed information on casement windows and how they fit into your budget, check out our guide on casement window prices.

2. Sash Windows

Sash windows are a classic feature in many traditional British homes. These windows are made up of one or more movable panels (sashes) that slide up and down within a frame.

How They Work:

The sashes are counterbalanced using weights or springs, allowing them to slide vertically. Some sash windows can tilt for easier cleaning.

Material Options:

  • Timber: Traditional and authentic.
  • uPVC: More affordable and energy-efficient with less maintenance.
  • Aluminium: Modern version with minimal frame thickness.

Pros and Cons of Sash Windows

Pros
  • Timeless design ideal for period properties.
  • Good insulation when properly sealed.
  • Ideal for homes where space is limited.
Cons
  • Require regular maintenance, especially timber versions.
  • Sashes may get stuck or difficult to move over time.

Ideal for: Victorian, Georgian, and listed buildings

If you’re considering sash windows for your home, it’s also important to understand the costs involved. For more information on the price of sash windows, be sure to check out our guide for a detailed breakdown

3. Tilt and Turn Windows

Tilt and turn windows are versatile, combining the best of both worlds – a tilting option for ventilation and a turning option for a full opening.

How They Work:

These windows can be tilted inwards at the top for ventilation or turned completely open from the side for an easy exit or cleaning.

Material Options:

  • uPVC: The most common material, offering low maintenance.
  • Timber: A more traditional, yet high-maintenance option.
  • Aluminium: Suitable for modern homes, offering slimline profiles.

Pros and Cons of Tilt-and-Turn Windows

Pros
  • Excellent ventilation and ease of cleaning.
  • Highly secure due to multi-locking systems.
  • Ideal for high-rise buildings or homes with restricted access.
Cons
  • Slightly more expensive than standard windows.
  • Can be bulky and not ideal for smaller spaces.

Ideal for: Modern homes, flats, or high-rise buildings.

If you’re considering tilt and turn windows for your home or building, understanding the potential investment is essential. For a deeper look into the costs associated with these windows, check out our guide on the cost of tilt and turn windows, which breaks down everything you need to know to help with your budgeting.

4. Bay and Bow Windows

Bay windows consist of three or more panels that project outwards from the wall, while bow windows have a curved shape with four or more panels.

How They Work:

Bay and bow windows add extra space to a room, creating a feeling of openness and providing panoramic views.

Material Options:

  • uPVC: Popular for its low cost and energy efficiency.
  • Timber: Ideal for period homes but requires more maintenance.
  • Aluminium: Sleek and durable, with narrow frames.

Pros and Cons of Bay and Bow Windows

Pros
  • Enhance the aesthetic appeal of a property.
  • Offer a wider view of the outside.
  • Provide more natural light and additional room space.
Cons
  • Expensive and complicated installation.
  • Can cause heat loss if not properly insulated.

Ideal for: Victorian, Edwardian, and larger homes.

For a detailed breakdown of the pricing and what you can expect with bay window installation, be sure to explore our blog post on bay windows prices, which offers useful insights for your budgeting and planning.

5. Sliding Sash Windows

Sliding sash windows are similar to traditional sash windows but are designed to slide horizontally rather than vertically.

How They Work:

These windows slide along tracks, typically opening side-to-side, allowing for more control over airflow.

Material Options:

  • uPVC: Affordable and low-maintenance.
  • Timber: More expensive but adds a traditional, rustic look.
  • Aluminium: Offers a sleek finish with modern features.

Pros and Cons of Bay and Bow Windows

Pros
  • Ideal for homes where space is limited.
  • Good insulation and soundproofing.
  • Elegant and perfect for period properties.
Cons
  • Can be more expensive than other window types.
  • Require regular maintenance for timber versions.

Ideal for: Georgian, Victorian, and period-style properties.

When considering sliding windows, it’s crucial to factor in both the aesthetics and the costs. To help guide your decision, take a look at our cost of sliding windows guide, which provides a detailed breakdown of pricing for this classic window style.

6. Fixed Windows

Fixed windows are non-opening windows that are designed purely to provide light and an unobstructed view.

How They Work:

These windows are sealed into place and do not have any moving parts.

Material Options:

  • uPVC: Popular choice for its energy efficiency.
  • Timber: Traditional look with natural insulation.
  • Aluminium: Sleek and modern.

Pros and Cons of Fixed Windows

Pros
  • Great for maximising natural light.
  • Low maintenance and secure.
  • Highly energy-efficient when properly sealed.
Cons
  • Do not provide ventilation.
  • Less flexible in terms of cleaning and access.

Ideal for: Large, open-plan homes or commercial buildings.

7. Double-Hung Windows

Double hung windows feature two movable sashes that slide vertically within the frame. Both the top and bottom sashes can be opened for ventilation, allowing for versatile airflow.

How They Work:

Both sashes can be moved up and down independently, offering more control over ventilation. Some models include tilt-in sashes for easy cleaning.

Material Options:

  • uPVC: Low-maintenance and energy-efficient.
  • Timber: Traditional and aesthetically pleasing but requires upkeep.
  • Aluminium: Sleek and durable, though more expensive than uPVC.

Pros and Cons of Double-Hung Windows

Pros
  • Great for controlling airflow and ventilation.
  • Easy to clean with tilting sashes.
  • Provides a timeless look for any home style.
Cons
  • Can be more expensive than single hung windows.
  • Timber versions require regular maintenance to prevent rotting.

Ideal for: Traditional homes, including Colonial, Victorian, and Georgian styles.

8. Single-Hung Windows

Single hung windows are similar to double hung windows, but only the bottom sash is movable. The top sash remains stationary. If you’re interested in learning more about both styles, be sure to check out our guide on double-hung windows vs single-hung windows for a detailed comparison that can help you make an informed decision.

How They Work:

The bottom sash slides vertically to open, offering basic ventilation options.

Material Options:

  • uPVC: Cost-effective, energy-efficient, and low-maintenance.
  • Timber: Offers a more classic look, but requires more upkeep.
  • Aluminium: Durable and modern, though more expensive.

Pros and Cons of Single-Hung Windows

Pros
  • Budget-friendly option for homeowners.
  • Simple design ideal for spaces with limited space for window movement.
  • Lower maintenance than double-hung windows.
Cons
  • Limited ventilation, as only the bottom sash moves.
  • Less flexibility compared to double-hung windows.

Ideal for: Smaller homes, apartments, or areas with space limitations.

9. Floor to Ceiling Windows

Floor-to-ceiling windows are large windows that span the height of the room, offering uninterrupted views and abundant natural light.

How They Work:

These windows are typically fixed but can sometimes be designed to open with a sliding or hinged mechanism, providing panoramic views and a seamless connection between indoor and outdoor spaces.

Material Options:

  • uPVC: Offers good insulation and is low-maintenance.
  • Timber: More traditional but requires maintenance to prevent deterioration.
  • Aluminium: Sleek and modern with slim frames that allow for larger glass panes.

Pros and Cons of Floor-to-Ceiling Windows

Pros
  • Maximises natural light and panoramic views.
  • Creates a feeling of spaciousness and openness.
  • Ideal for modern homes or homes with scenic surroundings.
Cons
  • Expensive installation and often requires reinforced framing.
  • Can lose heat if not properly insulated.
  • Requires more maintenance to keep the glass clean and free of condensation.

Ideal for: Modern homes, contemporary apartments, and properties with beautiful outdoor views.

If you’re considering installing floor to ceiling windows, you may want to read our guide on floor to ceiling window prices to better understand the costs involved and make a more informed decision.

10. French Windows

French windows, also known as French doors when they open outwards, are a pair of windows that typically open from the middle. These windows are often used to connect the indoors with outdoor spaces.

How They Work:

French windows open like a door, providing easy access to balconies, patios, or gardens. They are often designed with a side-hinged opening mechanism, offering a wide, open entry.

Material Options:

  • uPVC: Affordable, energy-efficient, and low-maintenance.
  • Timber: Traditional and adds character, but requires regular maintenance.
  • Aluminium: Durable with slim frames, offering a modern look.

Pros and Cons of Floor-to-Ceiling Windows

Pros
  • Elegant and enhances the aesthetic appeal of a home.
  • Provides easy access to outdoor spaces.
  • Ideal for creating a sense of connection between inside and outside.
Cons
  • Requires more space to open fully.
  • Timber versions need regular maintenance to protect against weathering.
  • Can be expensive due to installation and materials.

Ideal for: Period homes, cottages, and homes with gardens or terraces.

If you’re interested in installing French windows and would like a deeper look into the associated costs, check out our post on the cost of French windows to get a clear breakdown of the expenses involved.

Window Glazing Options

When choosing window types, glazing is just as important as the style itself. Here are the most common types of glazing:

  • Single Glazing: One pane of glass, less energy-efficient and prone to draughts.
  • Double Glazing: Two panes of glass with an insulating layer of air or gas between them. Great for energy efficiency. If you’re considering upgrading to double glazing and would like to know more about the costs involved, be sure to check out our guide on the cost of double glazing for a detailed breakdown of expenses.
  • Triple Glazing: Three panes of glass providing excellent insulation, ideal for colder climates or high-noise environments.

How to Choose the Right Window for Your Home

When selecting a window type, consider factors such as the architectural style of your home, your budget, and your priorities regarding energy efficiency, maintenance, and security.

  • For Victorian or Georgian Homes: Sash windows or sliding sash windows are ideal due to their traditional appeal.
  • For Modern Homes: Casement or tilt and turn windows provide a sleek, functional solution.
  • For Larger Homes: Bay and bow windows can enhance the living space and provide magnificent views.

Ready to Upgrade Your Windows? Get a Free Quote Today!

Choosing the right type of window can drastically improve the comfort, security, and efficiency of your home. At Eco Happy, we offer expert advice and high-quality installation services for all types of windows. Request your free quote now to find the perfect windows for your home!

James Elston

James Elston

Boiler Expert

James Elston is the top boiler replacement and heating expert at Eco Happy. He has over 20 years of experience in the industry, focusing on Gas Safe boiler installations and offering home-heating and energy-saving solutions to homeowners across the UK. From sourcing the most energy-efficient combi boiler to providing specialist heating advice, James ensures that Eco Happy maintains the highest standards and best customer service.

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