Last Updated on June 27, 2025
If you’re weighing up a heat pump vs electric radiators for your home or rental property in the UK, you’re not alone.
With rising energy prices and a government-backed push towards low-carbon heating, homeowners and landlords are looking for more efficient ways to keep properties warm without breaking the bank.
In this guide, we’ll explore the features, efficiency, performance, costs, and practicality of both options, helping you decide which solution best fits your needs.
Contents
Heat Pumps vs Electric Radiators: A Quick Comparison
Here’s a side-by-side breakdown comparing key metrics between air source heat pumps and electric radiators, so you can quickly understand how they stack up in real-world use:
| Feature | Air Source Heat Pumps | Electric Radiators |
|---|---|---|
| Efficiency (SCOP) | Up to 4.5 (450%) | 1.0 (100%) |
| Running Costs | Lower (uses 1kW to produce 3–4kW heat) | Higher (1:1 electricity-to-heat ratio) |
| Upfront Installation Cost | £7,000–£13,000 (can be grant-funded) | £100–£300 per unit |
| Lifespan | 15–20 years | 5–10 years |
| System Type | Whole-home solution | Room-by-room |
| Carbon Emissions | Low (especially with green energy) | High (depends on electricity source) |
| Heating Style | Gentle, background heat | Instant, direct heat |
| Smart Control Compatibility | Yes | Yes |
| Planning Permission | Rarely needed (check local rules) | Not required |
| Space Requirement | Outdoor unit + cylinder space | No external unit needed |
| Suitability for Older Homes | Yes, with insulation upgrades | Yes, no retrofitting needed |
Heat Pumps vs Electric Radiators: Key Differences
Air Source Heat Pumps
Air source heat pumps absorb heat from the outside air even in freezing temperatures and compress it to a higher temperature to warm your home.
They can still operate efficiently in cold weather, although output may drop slightly during sub-zero conditions. To get a better understanding, read our article on how heat pumps work in cold weather.
ASHPs work best when paired with underfloor heating or large radiators. The system is highly efficient because it transfers heat rather than generating it.
Most UK homes do not require planning permission to install an air source heat pump, as long as the system complies with Permitted Development regulations. These rules cover factors such as the unit’s placement, size, and noise levels.
However, if your home is listed or located in a conservation area, it’s important to check with your local planning authority, as permissions may still apply.
It’s also worth noting that air source heat pumps can be installed in older homes, but insulation plays a crucial role in their performance. Because heat pumps operate at lower temperatures than gas boilers, homes with poor insulation may struggle to retain heat effectively.
In such cases, upgrades to wall, roof, or floor insulation, as well as larger radiators or underfloor heating, may be needed to ensure the system runs efficiently and keeps the property warm.
Eco Happy can help assess whether your home is suitable for a heat pump and advise on any improvements needed. Below, we’ll briefly discuss air source pros and cons.
| Pros |
| Cons |
Electric Radiators
Electric radiators, by contrast, convert electricity directly into heat using resistive heating elements. While they are simple to install and provide fast warmth, they require a lot of electricity and tend to have higher operating costs, especially for whole-home heating.
| Pros |
| Cons |
Energy Efficiency
Air Source Heat Pumps:
- Extract renewable heat from the air
- Seasonal Coefficient of Performance (SCOP) of 3–4.5
- Up to 450% efficiency under ideal conditions
If you want more information about performance metrics, our detailed breakdown of air source heat pump efficiency offers further insights.
Electric Radiators:
- SCOP of 1.0 (100% efficient at point of use)
- Lose points due to high electricity costs and carbon intensity of UK grid
Verdict: Heat pumps are far more efficient, especially when paired with low-carbon electricity.
Installation and Running Costs
| Cost Factor | Air Source Heat Pump | Electric Radiators |
|---|---|---|
| Installation Cost (Typical Range) | £7,000 – £13,000 | £100 – £300 per unit |
| Government Grants Available | Yes – Up to £7,500 via Boiler Upgrade Scheme | No |
| System Setup | Requires outdoor unit + hot water cylinder | Plug-and-play, no plumbing needed |
| Typical Running Cost (Per Year for 3-Bed Home) | £600 – £900 (with standard tariff) | £1,200 – £2,000+ |
| Energy Efficiency | ~300–450% (COP 3.0–4.5) | ~100% (COP 1.0) |
| Long-Term Savings | High – Pays back in 5–10 years | Low – Higher energy bills over time |
Air Source Heat Pumps:
- Installation: £7,000–£13,000 (offset by Boiler Upgrade Scheme – £7,500 grant)
- Running costs: Lower due to higher efficiency
- May need upgrades to insulation and radiators
For a deeper breakdown, check our guides on how much a heat pump costs and typical running costs.
You might also want to compare figures in our overview of the cost to replace a gas boiler with a heat pump.
Electric Radiators:
- Installation: Cheap and easy, just plug in
- Running costs: Significantly higher for full-home use
- No need for plumbing or cylinders
Verdict: Radiators are cheaper upfront; heat pumps offer better long-term savings.
Maintenance Requirements
Air Source Heat Pumps:
- Require annual servicing
- Outdoor unit must be kept free of debris
- Long lifespan (15–20 years)
Electric Radiators:
- Minimal maintenance
- Shorter lifespan (often needs replacement every 5–10 years)
Verdict: Heat pumps require more upkeep but last longer.
Space and Aesthetics
Air Source Heat Pumps:
- Require an outdoor unit – Needs to be installed in a well-ventilated outdoor space with enough clearance for airflow and servicing.
- Indoor hot water cylinder often necessary – Typically required for storing heated water, especially if replacing a combi boiler system.
- Some noise output (similar to a fridge) – Modern units are quiet, but still emit a low hum during operation, which can be heard nearby outdoors.
To understand system components better, read our article on whether heat pumps need a water tank.
Electric Radiators:
- Compact and space-saving
- No external unit required
- No noise
Verdict: Electric radiators win on space and simplicity, but heat pumps provide more power.
Lifespan
Air Source Heat Pumps:
- Typically last 15–20 years with proper maintenance.
- Lifespan can be extended through regular servicing and system care.
- Built for long-term, whole-home heating—ideal for homeowners looking for durability and ROI.
Electric Radiators:
- Last around 5–10 years, depending on usage and quality.
- Often need replacing sooner due to wear on internal components or heating elements.
- Better suited to short-term or occasional use rather than permanent installations.
Verdict: While air source heat pumps cost more upfront, their longer lifespan makes them a more cost-effective and sustainable investment.
Carbon Emissions
Air Source Heat Pumps:
- Generate up to 75% less carbon than direct electric heating systems.
- Can be nearly carbon neutral when powered by renewable electricity or solar PV.
- Backed by UK net-zero goals and government incentives for low-carbon technologies.
To see how heat pumps compare with other low-carbon alternatives, check our guide on the hydrogen boiler vs heat pump debate.
Electric Radiators:
- Rely solely on electricity, which in the UK still has a notable carbon footprint.
- Unless powered by 100% renewable energy, they produce more COâ‚‚ per kWh of heat.
- Not aligned with long-term decarbonisation strategies for home heating.
Verdict: Air source heat pumps are the clear winner for eco-conscious homeowners or landlords aiming to reduce emissions.
Compatibility with Smart Heating Controls
Air Source Heat Pumps:
- Fully compatible with smart thermostats, zoning systems, and heating schedules.
- Enables intelligent load balancing, remote control, and integration with solar PV systems.
- Ideal for energy-efficient households seeking maximum automation and control.
Electric Radiators:
- Many modern models offer built-in smart timers and thermostats.
- Individual units can be programmed separately—great for zonal heating.
- However, not as effective for full-home smart heating strategies.
Verdict: Both systems offer smart control, but heat pumps offer greater integration and system-wide efficiency when managed through smart home platforms.
Heat Pump vs Electric Radiators: Which One to Choose?
When it comes to choosing between a heat pump or electric radiators, the right decision ultimately depends on your property type, heating needs, long-term goals, and available budget. Here’s how to approach the choice with clarity:
Consider your property size and layout
If you’re heating an entire home, especially a larger or multi-storey property, an air source heat pump is far more efficient and cost-effective in the long run. Our in-depth guide to air source heat pumps can help you understand if it’s the right fit for your home.
You’ll also find it helpful to read about what size air source heat pump you need for your property layout and energy needs.
Electric radiators may suit small flats, outbuildings, or extensions where full central heating isn’t needed.
Assess your insulation levels
Heat pumps work best in homes that retain heat well. If your home is well-insulated or you’re open to making upgrades, a heat pump will reward you with lower energy bills and better efficiency. In poorly insulated homes, electric radiators may offer a simpler short-term fix, though at a higher running cost.
Think about long-term costs, not just installation
Electric radiators have low upfront costs but higher long-term energy bills. Air source heat pumps come with a higher installation price tag, but they qualify for the £7,500 Boiler Upgrade Scheme and can lead to significant savings over 15–20 years.
Check your available space
A heat pump requires outdoor space for the unit and indoor space for a hot water cylinder. Electric radiators, on the other hand, require no external units and minimal space—making them ideal for properties where outdoor installation isn’t possible.
Look at your heating habits
If you heat your entire home regularly, especially during colder months, a heat pump offers a more efficient and consistent heating solution. If you’re only heating individual rooms on occasion, electric radiators may provide more targeted control.
Consider your environmental goals
If reducing your carbon footprint is a priority, heat pumps are the clear winner. When powered by renewable electricity, they can deliver near-zero carbon heating, supporting the UK’s net-zero targets.
To support your decision, read up more about heat pump grants currently available in the UK.
Ready to Switch to a Low-Carbon Heating System?
Get a Free Air Source Heat Pump Quote from Eco Happy Today!
If you’re a homeowner or landlord looking to reduce your heating bills and futureproof your property, now is the perfect time to consider an air source heat pump.
Eco Happy specialises in air source heat pump installation tailored to UK properties, whether it’s a new-build, a mid-terrace, or a Victorian semi. Our experts will assess your home, recommend the right setup, and help you access funding.
Don’t wait, request your free air source heat pump quote from Eco Happy today and take the first step towards cleaner, cheaper heating.
James Elston
Boiler Expert
James Elston is the top boiler replacement and heating expert at Eco Happy. He has over 20 years of experience in the industry, focusing on Gas Safe boiler installations and offering home-heating and energy-saving solutions to homeowners across the UK. From sourcing the most energy-efficient combi boiler to providing specialist heating advice, James ensures that Eco Happy maintains the highest standards and best customer service.